Canadian tech companies say they are patching together their own standards, mostly borrowed from European laws, to guide them through the limbo of prorogation.

When Prime Minister Justin Trudeau prorogued Parliament until March 24, that automatically wiped tabled cybersecurity, privacy, artificial intelligence, data and online harms bills from the agenda.

Tech companies which had eagerly been watching them wind through Parliament were then faced with the reality that for these bills to become law, they would have to be reintroduced and go through readings and debate once more or be reinstated at their previous stage through unanimous consent of the House or a motion to that effect.

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香蕉视频直播淚t香蕉视频直播檚 going to have to get reread in Parliament and going to have to go through all those processes again 香蕉视频直播� but it香蕉视频直播檚 like, when is that going to be?香蕉视频直播�

While companies wait for Parliament to reconvene and then decide which bills to revive, many say they are choosing the most advanced and strict international regulations to abide by.

In most cases, those regulations come from Europe.

香蕉视频直播淎 lot of things they do, we typically would just copy,香蕉视频直播� Christodoulou said.

Patricia Thaine, the co-founder and chief executive of data protocol firm Private AI, agreed.

Without updated Canadian legislation, she said most large companies will likely comply with the most stringent regulations 香蕉视频直播� namely the European Union香蕉视频直播檚 General Data Protection Regulation 香蕉视频直播� and then make adaptations for other markets they香蕉视频直播檙e in with more local requirements.

GDPR is an expansive piece of legislation that requires anyone handling the data of EU citizens or residents to only keep personally identifying information for as long as necessary and ensure any processing prioritizes security, integrity, and confidentiality.

Violating the law comes with high penalties that max out at the higher of 鈧�20 million or four per cent of global revenue. Users also have the right to seek compensation for damages.

Bill C-27 was set to modernize Canada香蕉视频直播檚 Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA), which dates back to 2000 but had one of its last major updates in 2015.

The bill would have created three new acts rooted in consumer privacy, data protection and AI guardrails. Increased fines for certain serious contraventions of the law would be the higher of five per cent of gross global revenue or $25 million.

Thaine said she saw value in Bill C-27 because PIPEDA fines are 香蕉视频直播減retty low, so there isn香蕉视频直播檛 that much incentive for companies to actually comply with data protection regulations.香蕉视频直播�

香蕉视频直播淚t香蕉视频直播檚 a pretty outdated legislation that we香蕉视频直播檙e dealing with here and I worry as a Canadian about what data-handling practices are out there for the data that we provide to companies,香蕉视频直播� she said.

She also saw it as important for the country to offer direction around AI.

香蕉视频直播淣ot having an AI legislation itself just really lets companies decide for themselves what it is that they need to do, which 香蕉视频直播� can lead to certain questionable decisions,香蕉视频直播� she said.

But Antoine Guilmain, a partner at Gowling WLG and co-lead of the firm香蕉视频直播檚 national cybersecurity and data protection law group, argued 香蕉视频直播渋t香蕉视频直播檚 not like there香蕉视频直播檚 nothing in Canada at the moment.香蕉视频直播�

PIPEDA is 香蕉视频直播渘ot as modern as we would like it to be香蕉视频直播� but 香蕉视频直播渋t香蕉视频直播檚 still something that works,香蕉视频直播� he said.

The federal government also has a voluntary AI code of conduct any organization can sign. Signatories promise to outfit their AI systems with risk mitigation measures, use adversarial testing to uncover vulnerabilities in such systems and keep track of any harms the technology causes.

Then, there are the provinces filling in the gaps. Guilmain pointed to Law 25 in Quebec, which requires organizations to have privacy officers, report privacy breaches and increase transparency and consent required to collect personal information.

The law can be used as a reference for organizations who were watching Bill C-27 along with Bill C-26 and Bill C-72.

Bill C-26, which made it all the way to the Senate before it was amended and sent back to the House of Commons, would have boosted cybersecurity requirements for federally regulated industries.

Bill C-72, which made it to its second reading at the House of Commons, would have made it easier for information to be securely shared between health care providers, patients and tech firms offering medical services.

Robert Fraser had his eye on the interoperability bill because his Vancouver-based firm, Molecular You, offers personalized health assessments that often rely on medical data.

Interoperability has long been 香蕉视频直播渁 challenge香蕉视频直播� in Canada, especially when the country is compared with the U.K. and U.S., where Fraser has observed more progress.

香蕉视频直播淭ime doesn香蕉视频直播檛 seem to matter so much in Canada. We take a leisurely pace,香蕉视频直播� he said.

香蕉视频直播淚香蕉视频直播檓 sure politicians are working very hard and lawmakers the same, but it香蕉视频直播檚 frustrating, I think, to an industry that really wants to get things done. We don香蕉视频直播檛 have all the time in the world.香蕉视频直播�